Program Notes

2526 | MW5 | TOWER 1920/2019

  • Composer: Joan Tower
  • Styled Title: <em>1920/2019</em>
  • Formal Title: <em>1920/2019</em>
  • Program Note Author(s): Betsy Hudson Traba

Named Musical America’s 2020 Composer of the Year, Joan Tower is regarded as one of America’s most important living composers, with works that have been commissioned and performed by major orchestras, chamber ensembles, and soloists worldwide. Her compositions have garnered GRAMMY® Awards, the prestigious Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition, and in 2019, she was awarded the League of American Orchestras’ highest honor, the Gold Baton. When she began her career in 1968, however, those kinds of accolades were virtually unheard of for a woman.

Following the breakthrough success of her 1981 orchestral work Sequoia, Tower became composer-in-residence with the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra, where then-Music Director Leonard Slatkin became her champion. Other residencies included a ten-year residency with the Orchestra of St. Luke's (1997-2007) and the Pittsburgh Symphony (2010-2011). She was the Albany Symphony’s Mentor Composer partner in the 2013-2014 season. Tower was co-founder and pianist for the Naumburg Award-winning Da Capo Chamber Players from 1970-1985. She has received honorary doctorates from Smith College, the New England Conservatory, and Illinois State University. She is the Asher B. Edelman Professor in the Arts at Bard College, where she has taught since 1972.

1920/2019 premiered on December 3, 2021, by the New York Philharmonic. The composer has provided the following program note on the work:

1920/2019 was commissioned by the New York Philharmonic, Jaap van Zweden, Music Director. It is dedicated to Deborah Borda, the orchestra’s President and CEO, in recognition of her vision for the creation of Project 19.
“Project 19 is the Philharmonic’s initiative to commission and premiere 19 new works by women composers in honor of the 2020 centennial of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, guaranteeing women the right to vote. Project 19 is the single largest commissioning project for women in history.
“1920 was the year when the amendment was ratified and adopted—an important and long-sought-after achievement. I began writing this music in 2019 as the #MeToo movement continued to grow. Victims of sexual abuse, assault, and harassment are ending their silence, finding strength by sharing their experiences and beliefs. These two years—1920 and 2019—were probably the two most historically significant years for the advancement of women in society.
“The 14-minute work features a steady repeated note/chord beat in various tempos and textures, alternating with runs (in scales and broken chords) that include first a cello solo and then a violin solo.
“Later on, there is a section of solos, a duet, and two quartets—starting with the clarinet, then trumpet solos, and a unison piccolo/flute line followed by four horns, ending with a percussion group.
“It is a piece largely about rhythm and texture (hopefully) set in a dramatic and organic narrative.”

2526 | MW6 | BRAHMS Academic Festival Overture

There is perhaps nothing that tickles audiences more than watching those they hold in high esteem show their humorous sides. Whether it’s a CEO opening a speech with a self-deprecating joke or the Pope wearing a baseball cap, people love to feel that their heroes have a sense of humor. The music world has its own share of jokesters. Consider Mozart’s “A Musical Joke” for string quartet and two horns, purposefully composed with compositional “errors,” or Haydn’s “Farewell Symphony,” where the players were told to slowly leave the stage one by one (in hopes of gently alerting the king that the court orchestra was tired and wanted to go home), or Erik Satie’s Three Pieces in the Form of a Pear, which legend says were composed as a response to Debussy telling Satie that he needed to “pay more attention to form” in his music. Add to this list one of Brahms’ most beloved overtures. Faced with composing a work for the most pompous of university ceremonies, Brahms responded with a boisterous survey of student drinking songs, the Academic Festival Overture.

Although Brahms never attended university, he did spend one glorious summer at age 20 in Göttingen, where he joined his friend, the violinist Joseph Joachim, and enrolled in the local university’s classes on philosophy and history. For two months, Brahms and Joachim immersed themselves not only in their academic studies, but also in the rowdy camaraderie of the local students. Beer-fueled debates and late-night song fests complemented their intellectual pursuits, and Brahms reportedly thoroughly enjoyed all aspects of his “university experience.” Those memories resurfaced 26 years later, when Brahms received notice that the University of Breslau intended to award him an honorary doctorate, proclaiming him “the foremost composer of serious music in Germany.” Flattered, Brahms sent a casual note of thanks to the university faculty, remarking that he hoped to get to Breslau soon to enjoy a few “doctoral beers.” Shortly after sending his note, he was contacted by a friend at the University who strongly suggested that the appropriate way to express his gratitude would be for Brahms to compose something fitting for the occasion. The following summer, while on vacation, Brahms finally sat down to write his musical thank you. Although the University had unabashedly asked for a full symphony, what they got was a glorious ten-minute overture that anyone in attendance would certainly have recognized as a tongue-in-cheek tribute to the “after-hours” joys of student life.

There is an atmosphere of anticipation as the overture opens with hushed strings presenting a rhythmic statement drawn from one of Brahms’ favorite marches, the Rákóczi March. This introductory material grows in intensity, culminating in a bold, full-orchestra statement. There is a sudden pause, then the trumpets announce the first of the student songs, “Wir hatten gebauet ein stattliches Haus (We Have Built a Stately House).” This tune originated in the East German town of Jena as a protest song after the student union there was forcibly disbanded 60 years prior. The tune was still considered quite controversial and would definitely have been perceived as a somewhat “pro-student” and “anti-establishment” statement by Brahms. A return to the opening march music provides an interlude before the introduction of another student song, “Alles schweige! Jeder neige (Everyone Be Silent).” This tune was traditionally sung by students as part of a ceremony where they pledged their loyalty to Germany. Brahms excerpts part of the melody in a lush presentation by the upper strings. The atmosphere takes a decidedly rowdier turn when the bassoons suddenly announce the third student song, a freshman hazing tune called “Fuchslied (Song of the Fox).” Similar to the English tune “A-Hunting We Will Go,” it is a boisterous melody that would have been immediately recognized by the full student body, as well as the faculty in attendance. What follows is a magnificent development section where all three tunes are interspersed with the opening march music in a gorgeous amalgamation that could only have been conceived by Brahms. This glorious mélange leads directly to the grand finale, a magisterial presentation of “Gaudeamus igitur,” a traditional graduation day melody (and common drinking song) whose opening line is, "Let us rejoice, therefore, while we are young." With ceremonial brass, swirling strings, and powerful percussion, Brahms puts a triumphant exclamation point on this humorous homage to youth, student life, and those glorious early years where anything and everything seems possible.

All Faiths Food Bank - Most Needed Items

  • Styled Title: Most Needed Items
  • Formal Title: Most Needed Items

"Merry and Bright" Musical Selections

  • Styled Title: "Merry and Bright" Musical Selections
  • Formal Title: "Merry and Bright" Musical Selections
  • A Christmas Scherzo
  • March of the Toys
  • Winter Wonderland
  • Les patineurs (The Skaters)
  • Fum Fum Fun
  • Brazilian Sleigh Bells
  • Hanukkah Holiday Bash
  • Tchaikovsky (arranged by Shoup) A Klezmer Nutcracker
  • Mendelssohn Hark the Herald Angels Sing!
  • I Saw Three Ships
  • Do You Hear What I Hear?
  • Silent Night ft. Gianluca Farina, flugelhorn
  • Panis Angelicus
  • Joy to the World “Soca”

"TV Tunes and Treasures" Musical Selections

  • Styled Title: "TV Tunes and Treasures" Musical Selections
  • Formal Title: "TV Tunes and Treasures" Musical Selections
  • Suppé Poet and Peasant Overture
  • Gounod Funeral March of a Marionette
  • Grieg Morning from Peer Gynt
  • Sousa Liberty Bell March
  • Copland Hoe Down from Rodeo
  • The Flintstones Meet the Jetsons
  • Main Theme from Star Trek
  • Theme from Mission: Impossible
  • Theme from Murder, She Wrote
  • The Wild, Wild West
  • Theme from Downton Abbey
  • Elfman Theme from The Simpsons
  • Williams The Mission
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